diff --git a/backend/tests/test_game.py b/backend/tests/test_game.py
index 9d36014..a91cacb 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_game.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_game.py
@@ -103,3 +103,84 @@ def test_carousel_grants_unit_and_loot(art, cfg):
     game = Game(art, cfg, seed=5)
     assert len(game.bench) == 1  # Unit vom 1-1-Carousel
     assert len(game.items) == 1  # Item-Komponente vom Carousel
+
+
+def _pool_total(game, api):
+    n = game.pool.available(api)
+    for p in game.players:
+        for u in p.board + p.bench:
+            if u["api_name"] == api:
+                n += 3 ** (u["stars"] - 1)
+    return n
+
+
+def test_pool_conservation(art, cfg):
+    for seed in (1, 2, 3):
+        game = Game(art, cfg, seed=seed)
+        initial = {api: cfg["pool"]["sizes"][art["static"]["units"][api]["cost"] - 1]
+                   for api in art["static"]["units"]}
+        while not game.over:
+            game.step()
+            for api, total in initial.items():
+                assert _pool_total(game, api) == total, f"pool leak: {api}"
+
+
+def test_bots_start_with_one_unit(art, cfg):
+    game = Game(art, cfg, seed=7)
+    for b in game.bots:
+        assert len(b.board) + len(b.bench) == 1  # nur die Carousel-Unit
+        assert all(u["stars"] == 1 for u in b.board + b.bench)
+
+
+def test_streak_resets_on_win(art, cfg):
+    game = Game(art, cfg, seed=1)
+    game.player.streak = -3
+    # direkter Formel-Test wie in step():
+    won = True
+    streak = max(game.player.streak, 0) + 1 if won else 0
+    assert streak == 1
+
+
+def test_pairing():
+    import random
+    from tft.sim.game import pair_players
+    from tft.sim.player import PlayerState
+
+    def mk(n):
+        return [PlayerState(name=f"P{i}", archetype="fast8", hp=100, gold=0, level=2)
+                for i in range(n)]
+
+    rng = random.Random(1)
+    for n in (8, 5, 3, 2):
+        players = mk(n)
+        pairs, odd, ghost_src = pair_players(players, rng)
+        paired = {p.name for a, b in pairs for p in (a, b)}
+        if odd:
+            assert odd.name not in paired
+            assert ghost_src is not odd
+            assert len(paired) + 1 == n
+        else:
+            assert len(paired) == n
+
+    # kein Wiederholungsgegner bei >2
+    players = mk(8)
+    rng = random.Random(2)
+    for _ in range(10):
+        pairs, _, _ = pair_players(players, rng)
+        for a, b in pairs:
+            assert a.last_opponent == b.name
+
+
+def test_ghost_source_takes_no_damage(art, cfg):
+    game = Game(art, cfg, seed=3)
+    game.bots[0].hp = 0
+    game.bots[0].placement = 8
+    game.bots[0].board, game.bots[0].bench = [], []
+    # 7 Lebende -> jede PvP-Runde hat einen Ghost-Kampf; HP-Summe der
+    # Ghost-Quelle darf nur durch ihren echten Kampf sinken (kein Doppelschaden).
+    hp_before = {p.name: p.hp for p in game.players}
+    while game.round["kind"] != "pvp":
+        game.step()
+    game.step()
+    drops = sum(1 for p in game.players if p.hp < hp_before[p.name])
+    assert drops <= 4  # max. 3 Paar-Verlierer + 1 Ghost-Verlierer
diff --git a/backend/tft/api/app.py b/backend/tft/api/app.py
index a766aee..1a6669a 100644
--- a/backend/tft/api/app.py
+++ b/backend/tft/api/app.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel
 from tft import paths
 from tft.model.score import active_trait_tiers
 from tft.sim import economy
+from tft.sim import player as sim_player
 from tft.sim.game import Game, InvalidAction
 
 app = FastAPI(title="tft-sim")
@@ -191,8 +192,10 @@ def serialize(game: Game) -> dict:
                 {
                     "name": b.name, "archetype": b.archetype, "hp": max(b.hp, 0),
                     "alive": b.alive, "placement": b.placement,
-                    "level": b.level(stage) if b.alive else None,
-                    "score": round(b.score(stage, game.artifact), 1) if b.alive else None,
+                    "level": b.level if b.alive else None,
+                    "gold": b.gold if b.alive else None,
+                    "streak": b.streak if b.alive else None,
+                    "score": round(sim_player.score(b, game.artifact), 1) if b.alive else None,
                     "board": [unit_view(game, u) for u in b.board],
                 }
                 for b in game.bots
diff --git a/backend/tft/sim/autoplay.py b/backend/tft/sim/autoplay.py
index 79fe122..acf2c6c 100644
--- a/backend/tft/sim/autoplay.py
+++ b/backend/tft/sim/autoplay.py
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 """Scripted policies playing full games headless — sanity check for the sim."""
 
-from tft.sim.game import Game, InvalidAction
-
-
-def unit_worth(game: Game, u: dict) -> float:
-    cost = game.artifact["static"]["units"][u["api_name"]]["cost"]
-    return cost * 3 ** (u["stars"] - 1)
+from tft.sim import policy
+from tft.sim.game import Game
 
 
 def play_afk(game: Game) -> int:
@@ -15,103 +11,22 @@ def play_afk(game: Game) -> int:
 
 
 def play_econ(game: Game) -> int:
-    """Buy merges + strong units, keep board full, level with surplus gold."""
+    params = policy.ARCHETYPES["fast8"]
     while not game.over:
-        if game.augment_offer:
-            game.pick_augment(0)
-
-        for slot, api in enumerate(list(game.shop)):
-            if api is None:
-                continue
-            cost = game.artifact["static"]["units"][api]["cost"]
-            owned = sum(1 for u in game.board + game.bench
-                        if u["api_name"] == api and u["stars"] == 1)
-            if game.gold >= cost and (owned >= 1 or len(game.bench) < 7):
-                try:
-                    game.buy(slot)
-                except InvalidAction:
-                    pass
-
-        game.bench.sort(key=lambda u: -unit_worth(game, u))
-        while len(game.board) < game.level and game.bench:
-            try:
-                game.move("bench", 0)
-            except InvalidAction:
-                break
-
-        while game.items and any(len(u["items"]) < 3 for u in game.board):
-            target = min(range(len(game.board)), key=lambda i: len(game.board[i]["items"]))
-            try:
-                game.equip(0, target)
-            except InvalidAction:
-                break
-
-        stage = game.round["stage"]
-        while stage >= 3 and game.gold >= 54 + game.cfg["xp"]["buy_cost"]:
-            try:
-                game.buy_xp()
-            except InvalidAction:
-                break
-
-        # Rolldown ab Stage 4: Bench-Müll verkaufen, dann nach Upgrades suchen.
-        if stage >= 4:
-            _sell_junk(game)
-        while stage >= 4 and game.gold > 30:
-            _buy_upgrades(game)
-            try:
-                game.reroll()
-            except InvalidAction:
-                break
-
-        _fill_board(game)
+        policy.act(game.player, game.pool, game.artifact, game.cfg, game.rng,
+                   game.round, params)
         game.step()
     return game.placement
 
 
-def _sell_junk(game: Game) -> None:
-    """Sell 1-star bench units that have no merge partner anywhere."""
-    for idx in range(len(game.bench) - 1, -1, -1):
-        u = game.bench[idx]
-        copies = sum(1 for o in game.board + game.bench
-                     if o["api_name"] == u["api_name"] and o["stars"] == u["stars"])
-        if u["stars"] == 1 and copies == 1 and not u["items"]:
-            game.sell("bench", idx)
-
-
-def _buy_upgrades(game: Game) -> None:
-    for slot, api in enumerate(list(game.shop)):
-        if api is None:
-            continue
-        cost = game.artifact["static"]["units"][api]["cost"]
-        owned = sum(1 for u in game.board + game.bench
-                    if u["api_name"] == api and u["stars"] < 3)
-        if game.gold >= cost and owned >= 1:
-            try:
-                game.buy(slot)
-            except InvalidAction:
-                return
-
-
-def _fill_board(game: Game) -> None:
-    game.bench.sort(key=lambda u: -unit_worth(game, u))
-    while len(game.board) < game.level and game.bench:
-        try:
-            game.move("bench", 0)
-        except InvalidAction:
-            break
-    for i, u in enumerate(game.board):
-        if game.bench and unit_worth(game, game.bench[0]) > unit_worth(game, u):
-            game.board[i], game.bench[0] = game.bench[0], game.board[i]
-
-
 POLICIES = {"afk": play_afk, "econ": play_econ}
 
 
-def run(artifact: dict, cfg: dict, policy: str, n: int, seed: int = 1) -> dict:
+def run(artifact: dict, cfg: dict, policy_name: str, n: int, seed: int = 1) -> dict:
     placements = []
     for i in range(n):
         game = Game(artifact, cfg, seed=seed + i)
-        placements.append(POLICIES[policy](game))
+        placements.append(POLICIES[policy_name](game))
     return {
         "games": n,
         "avg_placement": sum(placements) / n,
diff --git a/backend/tft/sim/bots.py b/backend/tft/sim/bots.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 8a701e4..0000000
--- a/backend/tft/sim/bots.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-"""Opponent bots: archetype level/tempo curves, synthesized boards from the shared pool."""
-
-import random
-
-from tft.model.score import score_board
-from tft.sim.pool import Pool
-
-ARCHETYPES = {
-    "fast8": {
-        "levels": {1: 3, 2: 4, 3: 5, 4: 7, 5: 8, 6: 8, 7: 9, 8: 9, 9: 9},
-        "tempo": {1: 1.0, 2: 0.95, 3: 0.9, 4: 0.88, 5: 1.02, 6: 1.08, 7: 1.08, 8: 1.08, 9: 1.08},
-    },
-    "reroll": {
-        "levels": {1: 3, 2: 4, 3: 5, 4: 6, 5: 7, 6: 7, 7: 8, 8: 8, 9: 8},
-        "tempo": {1: 1.0, 2: 1.0, 3: 1.02, 4: 0.98, 5: 1.0, 6: 1.08, 7: 1.05, 8: 1.02, 9: 1.02},
-    },
-    "streaker": {
-        "levels": {1: 3, 2: 5, 3: 6, 4: 7, 5: 8, 6: 8, 7: 9, 8: 9, 9: 9},
-        "tempo": {1: 1.08, 2: 1.1, 3: 1.05, 4: 1.0, 5: 0.95, 6: 0.95, 7: 0.95, 8: 0.95, 9: 0.95},
-    },
-}
-
-
-class Bot:
-    def __init__(self, name: str, archetype: str, hp: int):
-        self.name = name
-        self.archetype = archetype
-        self.hp = hp
-        self.board: list[dict] = []
-        self.placement: int | None = None
-
-    @property
-    def alive(self) -> bool:
-        return self.hp > 0
-
-    def level(self, stage: int) -> int:
-        levels = ARCHETYPES[self.archetype]["levels"]
-        return levels[min(stage, max(levels))]
-
-    def tempo(self, stage: int) -> float:
-        tempo = ARCHETYPES[self.archetype]["tempo"]
-        return tempo[min(stage, max(tempo))]
-
-    def refresh_board(self, stage: int, pool: Pool, artifact: dict, cfg: dict,
-                      rng: random.Random) -> None:
-        for u in self.board:
-            pool.put_back(u["api_name"], 3 ** (u["stars"] - 1))
-        self.board = []
-
-        level = self.level(stage)
-        odds = cfg["shop"]["odds"][min(level, len(cfg["shop"]["odds"])) - 1]
-        p_2star = min(0.08 * stage, 0.55)
-        items = artifact.get("item_pool") or list(artifact["static"]["items"])
-        n_items = max(stage - 1, 0)
-
-        for _ in range(level):
-            tier = rng.choices(range(1, 6), weights=odds)[0]
-            candidates = pool.units_of_cost(tier)
-            if not candidates:
-                continue
-            api = rng.choices(candidates, weights=[pool.available(a) for a in candidates])[0]
-            stars = 2 if (rng.random() < p_2star and pool.available(api) >= 3) else 1
-            pool.take(api, 3 ** (stars - 1))
-            self.board.append({"api_name": api, "stars": stars, "items": []})
-
-        for _ in range(n_items):
-            holders = [u for u in self.board if len(u["items"]) < 3]
-            if not holders or not items:
-                break
-            rng.choice(holders)["items"].append(rng.choice(items))
-
-    def score(self, stage: int, artifact: dict) -> float:
-        return score_board(self.board, [], artifact) * self.tempo(stage)
diff --git a/backend/tft/sim/game.py b/backend/tft/sim/game.py
index ca606cd..1da18cf 100644
--- a/backend/tft/sim/game.py
+++ b/backend/tft/sim/game.py
@@ -1,20 +1,29 @@
-"""Game state and action dispatch: one human player vs 7 archetype bots."""
+"""Game orchestration: one human player + 7 policy bots under identical rules."""
 
 import random
 
-from tft.model.score import score_board
-from tft.sim import combat, economy
-from tft.sim.bots import ARCHETYPES, Bot
+from tft.sim import combat, economy, player, policy
+from tft.sim.player import BENCH_SIZE, MAX_ITEMS_PER_UNIT, InvalidAction, PlayerState  # noqa: F401
 from tft.sim.pool import Pool
 from tft.sim.rounds import schedule
-from tft.sim.shop import roll
 
-BENCH_SIZE = 9
-MAX_ITEMS_PER_UNIT = 3
+BOT_NAMES = ["Aatrox", "Belle", "Cyrus", "Dana", "Eiko", "Finn", "Gwen"]
 
 
-class InvalidAction(Exception):
-    pass
+def pair_players(alive: list[PlayerState], rng: random.Random):
+    """PvP-Paarung: kein Wiederholungsgegner bei >2 Lebenden; ungerade -> Ghost."""
+    order = list(alive)
+    pairs, odd = [], None
+    for _ in range(20):
+        rng.shuffle(order)
+        pairs = list(zip(order[::2], order[1::2]))
+        odd = order[-1] if len(order) % 2 else None
+        if len(alive) <= 2 or all(a.last_opponent != b.name for a, b in pairs):
+            break
+    for a, b in pairs:
+        a.last_opponent, b.last_opponent = b.name, a.name
+    ghost_src = rng.choice([p for p in alive if p is not odd]) if odd else None
+    return pairs, odd, ghost_src
 
 
 class Game:
@@ -25,167 +34,90 @@ class Game:
         self.pool = Pool(artifact["static"]["units"], cfg["pool"]["sizes"])
         self.rounds = schedule(cfg)
         self.idx = 0
-
-        self.hp = cfg["damage"]["player_hp"]
-        self.gold = cfg["gold"]["starting_gold"]
-        self.level = cfg["xp"].get("start_level", 1)
-        self.xp = 0
-        self.board: list[dict] = []
-        self.bench: list[dict] = []
-        self.items: list[str] = []
-        self.augments: list[str] = []
-        self.streak = 0
-        self.shop: list[str | None] = []
-        self.shop_locked = False
-        self.augment_offer: list[str] = []
-        self.placement: int | None = None
         self.log: list[str] = []
 
-        names = ["Aatrox", "Belle", "Cyrus", "Dana", "Eiko", "Finn", "Gwen"]
-        archetypes = list(ARCHETYPES)
+        self.player = player.new_player("Du", "human", cfg)
+        archetypes = list(policy.ARCHETYPES)
         self.bots = [
-            Bot(names[i], archetypes[i % len(archetypes)], self.hp) for i in range(7)
+            player.new_player(BOT_NAMES[i], archetypes[i % len(archetypes)], cfg)
+            for i in range(7)
         ]
-        # 1-1-Carousel läuft automatisch ab: Unit + Loot, dann startet 1-2.
+
+        # 1-1-Carousel läuft automatisch für alle ab, dann startet 1-2.
         if self.round["kind"] == "carousel":
-            self._resolve(self.round)
+            for p in self.players:
+                self._carousel(p)
             self.idx += 1
-        self._refresh_bots()
-        self._reroll_shop()
+        for p in self.players:
+            player.refresh_shop(p, self.pool, cfg, self.rng)
         self._maybe_offer_augment()
 
     # ---- helpers ----
 
+    @property
+    def players(self) -> list[PlayerState]:
+        return [self.player] + self.bots
+
     @property
     def round(self) -> dict:
         return self.rounds[self.idx]
 
-    @property
-    def alive(self) -> bool:
-        return self.hp > 0 and self.placement != 1
-
     @property
     def over(self) -> bool:
-        return self.placement is not None
+        return self.player.placement is not None
 
     def player_score(self) -> float:
-        return score_board(self.board, self.augments, self.artifact)
+        return player.score(self.player, self.artifact)
 
-    def _reroll_shop(self) -> None:
-        self.shop = roll(self.pool, self.level, self.cfg, self.rng)
+    def _alive(self) -> list[PlayerState]:
+        return [p for p in self.players if p.alive]
 
-    def _refresh_bots(self) -> None:
-        for bot in self.bots:
-            if bot.alive:
-                bot.refresh_board(self.round["stage"], self.pool, self.artifact,
-                                  self.cfg, self.rng)
+    def _carousel(self, p: PlayerState) -> None:
+        player.grant_loot(p, *self.cfg["loot"]["carousel"], self.artifact, self.rng)
+        player.grab_carousel_unit(p, self.pool, self.rng)
+        if p is self.player:
+            self.log.append(f"{self.round['label']}: Carousel")
 
     def _maybe_offer_augment(self) -> None:
-        if self.round.get("augment") and not self.augment_offer:
-            augments = [a for a in self.artifact["static"]["augments"]
-                        if a not in self.augments]
-            if augments:
-                self.augment_offer = self.rng.sample(augments, min(3, len(augments)))
+        if not self.round.get("augment"):
+            return
+        available = [a for a in self.artifact["static"]["augments"]
+                     if a not in self.player.augments]
+        if available and not self.player.augment_offer:
+            self.player.augment_offer = self.rng.sample(available, min(3, len(available)))
+        for b in self.bots:
+            if not b.alive:
+                continue
+            choices = [a for a in self.artifact["static"]["augments"]
+                       if a not in b.augments]
+            if choices:
+                b.augments.append(self.rng.choice(choices))
 
-    def _grant_loot(self, components: int, gold: int) -> None:
-        items = self.artifact.get("item_pool") or list(self.artifact["static"]["items"])
-        for _ in range(components):
-            self.items.append(self.rng.choice(items))
-        self.gold += gold
-
-    def _merge(self, api_name: str, stars: int) -> None:
-        while True:
-            copies = [u for u in self.board + self.bench
-                      if u["api_name"] == api_name and u["stars"] == stars]
-            if len(copies) < 3:
-                return
-            keep, *rest = copies
-            keep["stars"] += 1
-            for u in rest:
-                keep["items"].extend(u["items"])
-                (self.board if u in self.board else self.bench).remove(u)
-            keep["items"] = keep["items"][:MAX_ITEMS_PER_UNIT]
-            stars += 1
-
-    # ---- player actions ----
+    # ---- human actions (delegation) ----
 
     def buy(self, slot: int) -> None:
-        if not (0 <= slot < len(self.shop)) or self.shop[slot] is None:
-            raise InvalidAction("empty shop slot")
-        api = self.shop[slot]
-        cost = self.artifact["static"]["units"][api]["cost"]
-        if self.gold < cost:
-            raise InvalidAction("not enough gold")
-        if len(self.bench) >= BENCH_SIZE:
-            raise InvalidAction("bench full")
-        if self.pool.available(api) < 1:
-            raise InvalidAction("unit not available")
-        self.pool.take(api)
-        self.gold -= cost
-        self.shop[slot] = None
-        self.bench.append({"api_name": api, "stars": 1, "items": []})
-        self._merge(api, 1)
+        player.buy(self.player, slot, self.pool, self.artifact)
 
     def sell(self, where: str, idx: int) -> None:
-        units = self.board if where == "board" else self.bench
-        if not (0 <= idx < len(units)):
-            raise InvalidAction("no unit there")
-        u = units.pop(idx)
-        copies = 3 ** (u["stars"] - 1)
-        self.pool.put_back(u["api_name"], copies)
-        cost = self.artifact["static"]["units"][u["api_name"]]["cost"]
-        refund = cost * copies
-        # Ab 2 Sternen und Kosten >= 2 gilt -1 Gold; 1-Coster immer voller Wert.
-        if cost > 1 and u["stars"] >= 2:
-            refund -= 1
-        self.gold += refund
-        self.items.extend(u["items"])
+        player.sell(self.player, where, idx, self.pool, self.artifact)
 
     def reroll(self) -> None:
-        cost = self.cfg["shop"]["reroll_cost"]
-        if self.gold < cost:
-            raise InvalidAction("not enough gold")
-        self.gold -= cost
-        self._reroll_shop()
+        player.reroll(self.player, self.pool, self.cfg, self.rng)
 
     def buy_xp(self) -> None:
-        xp = self.cfg["xp"]
-        if self.level >= xp["max_level"]:
-            raise InvalidAction("max level")
-        if self.gold < xp["buy_cost"]:
-            raise InvalidAction("not enough gold")
-        self.gold -= xp["buy_cost"]
-        self.level, self.xp = economy.apply_xp(self.level, self.xp, xp["buy_amount"], self.cfg)
+        player.buy_xp(self.player, self.cfg)
 
     def move(self, where: str, idx: int) -> None:
-        src, dst = (self.bench, self.board) if where == "bench" else (self.board, self.bench)
-        if not (0 <= idx < len(src)):
-            raise InvalidAction("no unit there")
-        if dst is self.board and len(self.board) >= self.level:
-            raise InvalidAction("board full for your level")
-        if dst is self.bench and len(self.bench) >= BENCH_SIZE:
-            raise InvalidAction("bench full")
-        dst.append(src.pop(idx))
+        player.move(self.player, where, idx)
 
     def equip(self, item_idx: int, board_idx: int) -> None:
-        if not (0 <= item_idx < len(self.items)):
-            raise InvalidAction("no such item")
-        if not (0 <= board_idx < len(self.board)):
-            raise InvalidAction("no such unit")
-        if len(self.board[board_idx]["items"]) >= MAX_ITEMS_PER_UNIT:
-            raise InvalidAction("unit has 3 items")
-        self.board[board_idx]["items"].append(self.items.pop(item_idx))
+        player.equip(self.player, item_idx, board_idx)
 
     def toggle_lock(self) -> None:
-        self.shop_locked = not self.shop_locked
+        self.player.shop_locked = not self.player.shop_locked
 
     def pick_augment(self, choice: int) -> None:
-        if not self.augment_offer:
-            raise InvalidAction("no augment offer")
-        if not (0 <= choice < len(self.augment_offer)):
-            raise InvalidAction("invalid choice")
-        self.augments.append(self.augment_offer[choice])
-        self.augment_offer = []
+        player.pick_augment(self.player, choice)
 
     # ---- round resolution ----
 
@@ -193,121 +125,128 @@ class Game:
         """Resolve the current round and advance to the next planning phase."""
         if self.over:
             raise InvalidAction("game over")
-        if self.augment_offer:
-            self.pick_augment(self.rng.randrange(len(self.augment_offer)))
-        # Wie in TFT: freie Board-Plätze werden beim Kampfstart von der Bank aufgefüllt.
-        self.bench.sort(
-            key=lambda u: -self.artifact["static"]["units"][u["api_name"]]["cost"]
-            * 3 ** (u["stars"] - 1)
-        )
-        while len(self.board) < self.level and self.bench:
-            self.board.append(self.bench.pop(0))
+        if self.player.augment_offer:
+            self.pick_augment(self.rng.randrange(len(self.player.augment_offer)))
 
         rnd = self.round
-        won = self._resolve(rnd)
-        self._bot_fights(rnd)
+        for b in self.bots:
+            if b.alive:
+                policy.act(b, self.pool, self.artifact, self.cfg, self.rng, rnd,
+                           policy.ARCHETYPES[b.archetype])
+        for p in self._alive():
+            player.fill_board(p, self.artifact)
+
+        results = self._resolve(rnd)
         self._check_eliminations()
         if self.over:
             return
 
-        self.streak = self.streak + 1 if won else min(self.streak, 0) - 1
-        self.gold += economy.round_income(self.gold, self.streak, won, rnd["label"], self.cfg)
-        self.level, self.xp = economy.apply_xp(
-            self.level, self.xp, self.cfg["xp"]["passive_per_round"], self.cfg
-        )
+        for p in self._alive():
+            won = results.get(p.name, False)
+            p.streak = max(p.streak, 0) + 1 if won else min(p.streak, 0) - 1
+            p.gold += economy.round_income(p.gold, p.streak, won, rnd["label"], self.cfg)
+            p.level, p.xp = economy.apply_xp(
+                p.level, p.xp, self.cfg["xp"]["passive_per_round"], self.cfg
+            )
 
         self._advance()
 
+    def _resolve(self, rnd: dict) -> dict:
+        """name -> hat die Runde gewonnen."""
+        if rnd["kind"] == "pve":
+            key = "stage1_pve" if rnd["stage"] == 1 else "stage_n_pve"
+            for p in self._alive():
+                player.grant_loot(p, *self.cfg["loot"][key], self.artifact, self.rng)
+            self.log.append(f"{rnd['label']}: PvE gewonnen")
+            return {p.name: True for p in self._alive()}
+
+        results = {}
+        pairs, odd, ghost_src = pair_players(self._alive(), self.rng)
+        for a, b in pairs:
+            a_wins = self._fight(rnd, a, b)
+            results[a.name] = a_wins
+            results[b.name] = not a_wins
+        if odd is not None:
+            # Ghost-Kampf: Klon-Board, Schaden nur beim echten Spieler.
+            s_odd = player.score(odd, self.artifact)
+            s_ghost = player.score(ghost_src, self.artifact)
+            won = combat.resolve(s_odd, s_ghost, self.cfg, self.rng)
+            results[odd.name] = won
+            if not won:
+                dmg = combat.damage(rnd["stage"], s_ghost, s_odd,
+                                    len(ghost_src.board), self.cfg)
+                odd.hp -= dmg
+                if odd is self.player:
+                    self.log.append(
+                        f"{rnd['label']}: Niederlage vs Ghost ({ghost_src.name}) (-{dmg} HP)")
+            elif odd is self.player:
+                self.log.append(f"{rnd['label']}: Sieg vs Ghost ({ghost_src.name})")
+        return results
+
+    def _fight(self, rnd: dict, a: PlayerState, b: PlayerState) -> bool:
+        sa = player.score(a, self.artifact)
+        sb = player.score(b, self.artifact)
+        a_wins = combat.resolve(sa, sb, self.cfg, self.rng)
+        winner, loser = (a, b) if a_wins else (b, a)
+        w_score, l_score = (sa, sb) if a_wins else (sb, sa)
+        dmg = combat.damage(rnd["stage"], w_score, l_score, len(winner.board), self.cfg)
+        loser.hp -= dmg
+        if a is self.player or b is self.player:
+            if winner is self.player:
+                self.log.append(f"{rnd['label']}: Sieg vs {loser.name} ({dmg} dmg)")
+            else:
+                self.log.append(f"{rnd['label']}: Niederlage vs {winner.name} (-{dmg} HP)")
+        return a_wins
+
+    def _check_eliminations(self) -> None:
+        alive_count = len(self._alive())
+        newly_dead = [p for p in self.players if not p.alive and p.placement is None]
+        for i, p in enumerate(newly_dead):
+            p.placement = alive_count + len(newly_dead) - i
+            for u in p.board + p.bench:
+                self.pool.put_back(u["api_name"], 3 ** (u["stars"] - 1))
+            p.board, p.bench = [], []
+            if p is not self.player:
+                self.log.append(f"{p.name} ausgeschieden (#{p.placement})")
+        if alive_count == 1 and self.player.alive and self.player.placement is None:
+            self.player.placement = 1
+
     def _advance(self) -> None:
-        """Zur nächsten Planungsrunde; Carousels laufen dabei automatisch ab."""
+        """Zur nächsten Planungsrunde; Carousels laufen dabei automatisch für alle ab."""
         while True:
             if self.idx + 1 >= len(self.rounds):
                 self._finish_by_hp()
                 return
-            prev_stage = self.round["stage"]
             self.idx += 1
-            if self.round["stage"] != prev_stage:
-                self._refresh_bots()
             if self.round["kind"] != "carousel":
                 break
-            self._resolve(self.round)
-            self.gold += economy.round_income(
-                self.gold, self.streak, False, self.round["label"], self.cfg
-            )
-            self.level, self.xp = economy.apply_xp(
-                self.level, self.xp, self.cfg["xp"]["passive_per_round"], self.cfg
-            )
-        if not self.shop_locked:
-            self._reroll_shop()
+            for p in self._alive():
+                self._carousel(p)
+                p.gold += economy.round_income(
+                    p.gold, p.streak, False, self.round["label"], self.cfg
+                )
+                p.level, p.xp = economy.apply_xp(
+                    p.level, p.xp, self.cfg["xp"]["passive_per_round"], self.cfg
+                )
+        for p in self._alive():
+            if p is self.player and p.shop_locked:
+                continue
+            player.refresh_shop(p, self.pool, self.cfg, self.rng)
         self._maybe_offer_augment()
 
-    def _resolve(self, rnd: dict) -> bool:
-        loot = self.cfg["loot"]
-        if rnd["kind"] == "pve":
-            key = "stage1_pve" if rnd["stage"] == 1 else "stage_n_pve"
-            self._grant_loot(*loot[key])
-            self.log.append(f"{rnd['label']}: PvE gewonnen")
-            return True
-        if rnd["kind"] == "carousel":
-            self._grant_loot(*loot["carousel"])
-            candidates = [a for c in (1, 2, 3) for a in self.pool.units_of_cost(c)]
-            if candidates and len(self.bench) < BENCH_SIZE:
-                api = self.rng.choice(candidates)
-                self.pool.take(api)
-                self.bench.append({"api_name": api, "stars": 1, "items": []})
-                self._merge(api, 1)
-            self.log.append(f"{rnd['label']}: Carousel")
-            return True
-
-        opponents = [b for b in self.bots if b.alive]
-        if not opponents:
-            self.placement = 1
-            return True
-        bot = self.rng.choice(opponents)
-        my, theirs = self.player_score(), bot.score(rnd["stage"], self.artifact)
-        won = combat.resolve(my, theirs, self.cfg, self.rng)
-        if won:
-            dmg = combat.damage(rnd["stage"], my, theirs, len(self.board), self.cfg)
-            bot.hp -= dmg
-            self.log.append(f"{rnd['label']}: Sieg vs {bot.name} ({dmg} dmg)")
-        else:
-            dmg = combat.damage(rnd["stage"], theirs, my, len(bot.board), self.cfg)
-            self.hp -= dmg
-            self.log.append(f"{rnd['label']}: Niederlage vs {bot.name} (-{dmg} HP)")
-        return won
-
-    def _bot_fights(self, rnd: dict) -> None:
-        if rnd["kind"] != "pvp":
-            return
-        others = [b for b in self.bots if b.alive]
-        self.rng.shuffle(others)
-        for a, b in zip(others[::2], others[1::2]):
-            sa, sb = a.score(rnd["stage"], self.artifact), b.score(rnd["stage"], self.artifact)
-            if combat.resolve(sa, sb, self.cfg, self.rng):
-                b.hp -= combat.damage(rnd["stage"], sa, sb, len(a.board), self.cfg)
-            else:
-                a.hp -= combat.damage(rnd["stage"], sb, sa, len(b.board), self.cfg)
-
-    def _check_eliminations(self) -> None:
-        alive_bots = [b for b in self.bots if b.alive]
-        for bot in self.bots:
-            if not bot.alive and bot.placement is None:
-                bot.placement = len(alive_bots) + (2 if self.hp > 0 else 1)
-                for u in bot.board:
-                    self.pool.put_back(u["api_name"], 3 ** (u["stars"] - 1))
-                bot.board = []
-        if self.hp <= 0 and self.placement is None:
-            self.placement = len(alive_bots) + 1
-        elif not alive_bots and self.placement is None:
-            self.placement = 1
-
     def _finish_by_hp(self) -> None:
-        standings = sorted(
-            [("player", self.hp)] + [(b.name, b.hp) for b in self.bots if b.alive],
-            key=lambda x: -x[1],
-        )
-        for rank, (name, _) in enumerate(standings, start=1):
-            if name == "player":
-                self.placement = rank
-            else:
-                next(b for b in self.bots if b.name == name).placement = rank
+        standings = sorted(self._alive(), key=lambda p: -p.hp)
+        for rank, p in enumerate(standings, start=1):
+            p.placement = rank
+
+
+def _delegate(attr: str) -> property:
+    return property(
+        lambda self: getattr(self.player, attr),
+        lambda self, value: setattr(self.player, attr, value),
+    )
+
+
+for _attr in ("hp", "gold", "level", "xp", "board", "bench", "items", "augments",
+              "streak", "shop", "shop_locked", "augment_offer", "placement"):
+    setattr(Game, _attr, _delegate(_attr))
diff --git a/backend/tft/sim/player.py b/backend/tft/sim/player.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9c2e58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/tft/sim/player.py
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+"""Per-player state and mechanics — identical rules for the human and every bot."""
+
+import random
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+
+from tft.model.score import score_board
+from tft.sim import economy
+from tft.sim.pool import Pool
+from tft.sim.shop import roll
+
+BENCH_SIZE = 9
+MAX_ITEMS_PER_UNIT = 3
+
+
+class InvalidAction(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PlayerState:
+    name: str
+    archetype: str
+    hp: int
+    gold: int
+    level: int
+    xp: int = 0
+    board: list = field(default_factory=list)
+    bench: list = field(default_factory=list)
+    items: list = field(default_factory=list)
+    augments: list = field(default_factory=list)
+    streak: int = 0
+    shop: list = field(default_factory=list)
+    shop_locked: bool = False
+    augment_offer: list = field(default_factory=list)
+    placement: int | None = None
+    last_opponent: str | None = None
+
+    @property
+    def alive(self) -> bool:
+        return self.hp > 0
+
+
+def new_player(name: str, archetype: str, cfg: dict) -> PlayerState:
+    return PlayerState(
+        name=name,
+        archetype=archetype,
+        hp=cfg["damage"]["player_hp"],
+        gold=cfg["gold"]["starting_gold"],
+        level=cfg["xp"].get("start_level", 1),
+    )
+
+
+def score(p: PlayerState, artifact: dict) -> float:
+    return score_board(p.board, p.augments, artifact)
+
+
+def unit_worth(artifact: dict, u: dict) -> float:
+    return artifact["static"]["units"][u["api_name"]]["cost"] * 3 ** (u["stars"] - 1)
+
+
+def refresh_shop(p: PlayerState, pool: Pool, cfg: dict, rng: random.Random) -> None:
+    p.shop = roll(pool, p.level, cfg, rng)
+
+
+def merge(p: PlayerState, api_name: str, stars: int) -> None:
+    while True:
+        copies = [u for u in p.board + p.bench
+                  if u["api_name"] == api_name and u["stars"] == stars]
+        if len(copies) < 3:
+            return
+        keep, *rest = copies
+        keep["stars"] += 1
+        for u in rest:
+            keep["items"].extend(u["items"])
+            (p.board if u in p.board else p.bench).remove(u)
+        keep["items"] = keep["items"][:MAX_ITEMS_PER_UNIT]
+        stars += 1
+
+
+def buy(p: PlayerState, slot: int, pool: Pool, artifact: dict) -> None:
+    if not (0 <= slot < len(p.shop)) or p.shop[slot] is None:
+        raise InvalidAction("empty shop slot")
+    api = p.shop[slot]
+    cost = artifact["static"]["units"][api]["cost"]
+    if p.gold < cost:
+        raise InvalidAction("not enough gold")
+    if len(p.bench) >= BENCH_SIZE:
+        raise InvalidAction("bench full")
+    if pool.available(api) < 1:
+        raise InvalidAction("unit not available")
+    pool.take(api)
+    p.gold -= cost
+    p.shop[slot] = None
+    p.bench.append({"api_name": api, "stars": 1, "items": []})
+    merge(p, api, 1)
+
+
+def sell(p: PlayerState, where: str, idx: int, pool: Pool, artifact: dict) -> None:
+    units = p.board if where == "board" else p.bench
+    if not (0 <= idx < len(units)):
+        raise InvalidAction("no unit there")
+    u = units.pop(idx)
+    copies = 3 ** (u["stars"] - 1)
+    pool.put_back(u["api_name"], copies)
+    cost = artifact["static"]["units"][u["api_name"]]["cost"]
+    refund = cost * copies
+    # Ab 2 Sternen und Kosten >= 2 gilt -1 Gold; 1-Coster immer voller Wert.
+    if cost > 1 and u["stars"] >= 2:
+        refund -= 1
+    p.gold += refund
+    p.items.extend(u["items"])
+
+
+def reroll(p: PlayerState, pool: Pool, cfg: dict, rng: random.Random) -> None:
+    cost = cfg["shop"]["reroll_cost"]
+    if p.gold < cost:
+        raise InvalidAction("not enough gold")
+    p.gold -= cost
+    refresh_shop(p, pool, cfg, rng)
+
+
+def buy_xp(p: PlayerState, cfg: dict) -> None:
+    xp = cfg["xp"]
+    if p.level >= xp["max_level"]:
+        raise InvalidAction("max level")
+    if p.gold < xp["buy_cost"]:
+        raise InvalidAction("not enough gold")
+    p.gold -= xp["buy_cost"]
+    p.level, p.xp = economy.apply_xp(p.level, p.xp, xp["buy_amount"], cfg)
+
+
+def move(p: PlayerState, where: str, idx: int) -> None:
+    src, dst = (p.bench, p.board) if where == "bench" else (p.board, p.bench)
+    if not (0 <= idx < len(src)):
+        raise InvalidAction("no unit there")
+    if dst is p.board and len(p.board) >= p.level:
+        raise InvalidAction("board full for your level")
+    if dst is p.bench and len(p.bench) >= BENCH_SIZE:
+        raise InvalidAction("bench full")
+    dst.append(src.pop(idx))
+
+
+def equip(p: PlayerState, item_idx: int, board_idx: int) -> None:
+    if not (0 <= item_idx < len(p.items)):
+        raise InvalidAction("no such item")
+    if not (0 <= board_idx < len(p.board)):
+        raise InvalidAction("no such unit")
+    if len(p.board[board_idx]["items"]) >= MAX_ITEMS_PER_UNIT:
+        raise InvalidAction("unit has 3 items")
+    p.board[board_idx]["items"].append(p.items.pop(item_idx))
+
+
+def pick_augment(p: PlayerState, choice: int) -> None:
+    if not p.augment_offer:
+        raise InvalidAction("no augment offer")
+    if not (0 <= choice < len(p.augment_offer)):
+        raise InvalidAction("invalid choice")
+    p.augments.append(p.augment_offer[choice])
+    p.augment_offer = []
+
+
+def grant_loot(p: PlayerState, components: int, gold: int, artifact: dict,
+               rng: random.Random) -> None:
+    items = artifact.get("item_pool") or list(artifact["static"]["items"])
+    for _ in range(components):
+        p.items.append(rng.choice(items))
+    p.gold += gold
+
+
+def grab_carousel_unit(p: PlayerState, pool: Pool, rng: random.Random) -> None:
+    candidates = [a for c in (1, 2, 3) for a in pool.units_of_cost(c)]
+    if candidates and len(p.bench) < BENCH_SIZE:
+        api = rng.choice(candidates)
+        pool.take(api)
+        p.bench.append({"api_name": api, "stars": 1, "items": []})
+        merge(p, api, 1)
+
+
+def fill_board(p: PlayerState, artifact: dict) -> None:
+    """Wie in TFT: freie Board-Plätze werden beim Kampfstart von der Bank aufgefüllt."""
+    p.bench.sort(key=lambda u: -unit_worth(artifact, u))
+    while len(p.board) < p.level and p.bench:
+        p.board.append(p.bench.pop(0))
diff --git a/backend/tft/sim/policy.py b/backend/tft/sim/policy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4dbc457
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/tft/sim/policy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+"""Scripted planning policies — drive the bots and the autoplay benchmarks."""
+
+import random
+
+from tft.sim import player
+from tft.sim.player import InvalidAction, PlayerState
+from tft.sim.pool import Pool
+
+ARCHETYPES = {
+    # fast8: früh econ, ab Stage 3 leveln, Rolldown ab Level 8.
+    "fast8": {"level_cap": 10, "xp_stage": 3, "econ_floor": 54,
+              "roll_stage": 4, "roll_level": 8, "roll_floor": 30},
+    # reroll: Level-Cap 7, rollt Überschuss über 50 für Upgrades.
+    "reroll": {"level_cap": 7, "xp_stage": 3, "econ_floor": 50,
+               "roll_stage": 3, "roll_level": 7, "roll_floor": 50},
+    # streaker: gibt früh aus, levelt aggressiv, wenig Reserve.
+    "streaker": {"level_cap": 10, "xp_stage": 2, "econ_floor": 20,
+                 "roll_stage": 4, "roll_level": 8, "roll_floor": 20},
+}
+
+
+def act(p: PlayerState, pool: Pool, artifact: dict, cfg: dict, rng: random.Random,
+        rnd: dict, params: dict) -> None:
+    """Eine Planungsrunde für einen Spieler."""
+    if p.augment_offer:
+        player.pick_augment(p, rng.randrange(len(p.augment_offer)))
+
+    _buy_from_shop(p, pool, artifact)
+
+    stage = rnd["stage"]
+    while (stage >= params["xp_stage"] and p.level < params["level_cap"]
+           and p.gold >= params["econ_floor"] + cfg["xp"]["buy_cost"]):
+        try:
+            player.buy_xp(p, cfg)
+        except InvalidAction:
+            break
+
+    at_target = p.level >= params["roll_level"] or p.level >= params["level_cap"]
+    if stage >= params["roll_stage"] and at_target:
+        _sell_junk(p, pool, artifact)
+        while p.gold > params["roll_floor"]:
+            _buy_upgrades(p, pool, artifact)
+            try:
+                player.reroll(p, pool, cfg, rng)
+            except InvalidAction:
+                break
+
+    _equip_items(p)
+    player.fill_board(p, artifact)
+
+
+def _buy_from_shop(p: PlayerState, pool: Pool, artifact: dict) -> None:
+    for slot, api in enumerate(list(p.shop)):
+        if api is None:
+            continue
+        cost = artifact["static"]["units"][api]["cost"]
+        owned = sum(1 for u in p.board + p.bench
+                    if u["api_name"] == api and u["stars"] == 1)
+        if p.gold >= cost and (owned >= 1 or len(p.bench) < 7):
+            try:
+                player.buy(p, slot, pool, artifact)
+            except InvalidAction:
+                pass
+
+
+def _buy_upgrades(p: PlayerState, pool: Pool, artifact: dict) -> None:
+    for slot, api in enumerate(list(p.shop)):
+        if api is None:
+            continue
+        cost = artifact["static"]["units"][api]["cost"]
+        owned = sum(1 for u in p.board + p.bench
+                    if u["api_name"] == api and u["stars"] < 3)
+        if p.gold >= cost and owned >= 1:
+            try:
+                player.buy(p, slot, pool, artifact)
+            except InvalidAction:
+                return
+
+
+def _sell_junk(p: PlayerState, pool: Pool, artifact: dict) -> None:
+    """Sell 1-star bench units that have no merge partner anywhere."""
+    for idx in range(len(p.bench) - 1, -1, -1):
+        u = p.bench[idx]
+        copies = sum(1 for o in p.board + p.bench
+                     if o["api_name"] == u["api_name"] and o["stars"] == u["stars"])
+        if u["stars"] == 1 and copies == 1 and not u["items"]:
+            player.sell(p, "bench", idx, pool, artifact)
+
+
+def _equip_items(p: PlayerState) -> None:
+    while p.items and any(len(u["items"]) < 3 for u in p.board):
+        target = min(range(len(p.board)), key=lambda i: len(p.board[i]["items"]))
+        try:
+            player.equip(p, 0, target)
+        except InvalidAction:
+            break
diff --git a/backend/tft/staticdata/parse.py b/backend/tft/staticdata/parse.py
index 0aee4ec..aecc8c8 100644
--- a/backend/tft/staticdata/parse.py
+++ b/backend/tft/staticdata/parse.py
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ def parse(raw: dict, set_override: int | None = None) -> dict:
 
     units = {}
     for c in set_data["champions"]:
-        if not c["traits"]:
-            continue  # PvE monsters, summons
+        if not c["traits"] or "Minion" in c["apiName"]:
+            continue  # PvE monsters, summons (z.B. TFT17_IvernMinion)
         units[c["apiName"]] = {
             "api_name": c["apiName"],
             "name": c["name"],
diff --git a/frontend/src/App.vue b/frontend/src/App.vue
index 1e4031e..bb02d6a 100644
--- a/frontend/src/App.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/App.vue
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ const standings = computed(() => {
   const rows = [
     {
       name: 'Du', is_player: true, hp: Math.max(p.hp, 0), alive: p.hp > 0,
-      score: p.score, level: p.level, archetype: '',
+      score: p.score, level: p.level, gold: p.gold, archetype: '',
       placement: s.value.placement, board: [],
     },
     ...s.value.opponents,
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/OpponentList.vue b/frontend/src/components/OpponentList.vue
index 5c6d27e..494b36a 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/OpponentList.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/components/OpponentList.vue
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ const expanded = ref(null)
       <div class="row">
         <span class="oname">{{ p.name }}</span>
         <span v-if="p.archetype" class="arch">{{ p.archetype }}</span>
+        <span v-if="p.alive && p.level" class="lvl">L{{ p.level }}</span>
+        <span v-if="p.alive && p.gold !== undefined" class="goldval">🪙{{ p.gold }}</span>
         <span v-if="p.alive" class="strength" title="Boardstärke">⚡ {{ p.score }}</span>
         <span v-if="p.alive" class="hp">{{ p.hp }}</span>
         <span v-else class="placement">#{{ p.placement }}</span>
@@ -48,6 +50,8 @@ h3 { font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; color: #8a92a8; margin-bottom:
 .oname { flex: 1; font-weight: 600; }
 .me .oname { color: #7de3d4; }
 .arch { color: #7d86a0; font-size: 11px; }
+.lvl { color: #8a92a8; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; }
+.goldval { color: #ffd75e; font-size: 11px; }
 .strength { color: #e5a531; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; }
 .hp { font-weight: 700; color: #7de37d; }
 .placement { color: #8a92a8; }